Some remedies for skin diseases and skin problems. : Dermatology (2023)
1. Acne (acne vulgaris):
Acne, the most common skin disorder in the world, including the United States, can be a cause of concern for every teenager. Also, acne problem is increasing in adults too.
Excessive acne is caused by blocked pores and the skin's oil (sebaceous) glands, often triggered by hormonal changes. The term acne refers not only to facial acne, but also to blackheads, cysts, and nodules. Some people also get acne on different parts of their body like back, chest and other parts.
A dermatologist is important in treating acne because acne, left unchecked, can often lead to permanent scarring and dark spots on the face. For more moderate or severe acne, these alternative tips can be used.
Adapalene topical cream is now available over-the-counter without a prescription.
Tretinoin is also available in topical creams, gels, and lotions. Tretinoin should not be used during pregnancy unless clearly needed and the benefit may outweigh the risk to the fetus.
In severe acne, oral isotretinoin can be used, but should be used with caution during severe pregnancy. This drug should not be used in female patients who are pregnant or may become pregnant. There is an extremely high risk of serious birth defects if pregnancy occurs while taking this medication.
In October 2018, sarecycline tablets were FDA-approved for the treatment of non-nodular moderate to severe acne vulgaris.
Other topical creams that are prescription acne medications include tazoretin topical (Arzlo, Fabior, Tazorac), tretinoin and benzoyl peroxide (Twinio), and classoterone (Winlevy).
See acne management and tips for other treatment options.
2. Atopic dermatitis (eczema):
Atopic dermatitis is one of the most popular common forms of eczema seen in all children. The exact cause of atopic dermatitis is unknown, but researchers believe it may involve genetics, the environment, or the immune system.
Atopic dermatitis can appear on the face, hands, feet, or skin creases and folds. Dry, scaly and itchy skin is typical, and constant scratching can result in a thick patch. Although eczema is often noticed in people with allergies. However, eczema is not caused by an allergic problem. Topical steroids are often used to reduce symptoms.
3. Dupixent:
In March 2017, the FDA cleared Regeneron's Dupixent injection for patients with moderate to severe eczema who cannot use or have failed topical therapy.
A clinical trial of Dupixent in more than one hundred adults with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis showed clear or nearly clear skin compared to placebo with reduced itching after sixteen weeks of therapy.
Dupixent is now approved for use in pediatric patients six to seventeen years of age and is available in a prefilled syringe for more convenient self-administration.
however ,Dupixent are used with or without topical corticosteroids.
4. Eucrisa:
Eucrisa from Pfizer is a topical ointment that was first approved in December 2016
It is classified as a phosphodiesterase four inhibitor and is used for mild to moderate eczema in adults and children three months of age and older.
It is applied in a thin layer on the affected area twice daily.
Other forms of eczema added contact dermatitis and seborrheic dermatitis.
5. Shingles (Herpes Zoster):
The shingles virus causes a red, blistered rash that can wrap around your torso or appear anywhere on your body. It can also cause fever, fatigue and headache.
Shingles is caused by the same dengerus virus that causes chickenpox, the varicella-zoster virus. If you've had chickenpox, you're at risk of developing shingles because the chickenpox virus can lie dormant in your nervous system for years. A preventive shingles vaccine is available in the United States.
Shingrix is approved for the prevention of shingles in adults fifty years of age and older.
Shingrix is a non-live recombinant subunit vaccine given intramuscularly in two doses, with the second dose two to six months after the first.
Shingrix has demonstrated a high rate of efficacy (>90 effective).
Zostavax was previously available as a subcutaneous injection to prevent shingles, but the Zostavax vaccine was discontinued in the United States in November 2020.
The elderly and most people with compromised immune systems are at the highest long risk. Shingles can be painful, but early treatment with antivirals such as oral valacyclovir (Valtrex) can reduce symptoms.
6. Hives (urticaria):
Hives are familiar welts or raised, red, itchy areas that may appear on the skin. Common causes of hives include medications, foods, and bug bites or stings.
Get emergency treatment or call 999 if your hives cover a large part of your body, cause swelling in your throat or mouth or affect your breathing. Hives usually go away within two to four hours. However, in some people hives can last for months or years, known as chronic urticaria.
Avoiding the trigger, whatever it is, is the best strategy to prevent hives. When this is not possible, OTC antihistamines such as loratadine or fexofenadine can be used to control itching.
Omalizumab, a drug used to treat allergic asthma, was approved in 2014 to treat chronic hives in people who have not responded to antihistamines.
In October 2019, Q was approved by the FDA for the treatment of acute thrush in adults and children six months of age and older. Kujitti is not recommended in children under six years of age with impaired kidney or liver function.
7. Sunburn:
There's no doubt about it – preventing sunburn is easier than treating it.
Excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun or sunlamps causes sunburn. The skin becomes red, painful, warm to the touch and may even peel.
However, it is difficult to know how much time in the sun is safe even with sunscreen protection. Repeated sunburns, especially during childhood, can increase the risk of skin cancer later in life. Sunscreen usually needs to be reapplied every two hours, but you only need to stay out of the sun.
The first step in treating sunburn is to find shade, get inside if possible, and cool the skin.
Take a cold bath or shower with mild soap.
Drink plenty of fluids and moisturize the body skin with a light, oil-free moisturizer or most popular aloe vera while the skin is still damp.
In some cases, an OTC topical product with lidocaine may be needed.
Taking an NSAID, such as ibuprofen, may help with any discomfort or swelling.
See a doctor if you have a fever, chills, or a severe rash over a large part of your body. Do not scratch or pop any blisters - this can lead to infection.
8. Contact dermatitis:
Most of us have had contact dermatitis – when we touch something that causes a skin reaction.
Contact dermatitis is a type of eczema, and rashes can come from irritants such as jewelry, latex gloves, and bleach or soap.
To prevent contact dermatitis, avoid the substance if possible.
however,To manage symptoms, antihistamines, oral or topical steroids, and colloidal oatmeal baths are often most helpful.
If your doctor suspects you have contact dermatitis and the cause is unknown, they may recommend a patch test. In patch testing, an allergenic substance is applied to your skin. In a some days, your doctor will properly check for a reaction.
9. Rosacea:
Rosacea is chronic facial swelling, redness, prominent blood vessels and acne.
Rosacea is most common in women over thirty, but men can also be affected. Immune system problems, vein problems or environmental problems can cause this condition.
Depending on the symptoms, there are several effective treatments.
Antibiotics, such as metronidazole cream or oral doxycycline, may be used. In May 2020, the FDA approved Zyloxy Topical Foam for the treatment of rosacea.
Azelaic acid gel, a naturally occurring saturated dicarboxylic acid, can be used for inflamed pimples.
In more severe cases, your doctor may recommend the acne drug isotretinoin.
The smallest possible dose of beta blocker estrogen, or laser or surgical treatment can also reduce redness.
In January 2017, the FDA approved Rhofade cream, a topical vasoconstrictor agent applied to the face once daily to constrict vessels and reduce facial redness in adult rosacea. Among other prescription items
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